With the CF Research News, we aim to bridge the gap between people with CF and the researchers investigating CF and how best to treat those with the condition.
We want to provide access to patients, parents, relatives, friends and caregivers of patients with CF to all scientific work mainly published in the Journal of Cystic Fibrosis (JCF).

All PDF files published hereunder are lay version summaries of work published in the JCF.

March 2025

Title: Do people with cystic fibrosis experience side effects from Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor because of high drug levels?
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2025 Mar 10:S1569-1993(25)00061-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2025.02.013.

February 2025

Title: How people with CF access CFTR modulators in countries where coverage is not provided by health systems
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2025 Feb 21:S1569-1993(25)00057-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2025.02.010.

February 2025

Title: Response to CFTR modulators of the rare CFTR variants L383S, I507del, L1065P and R1066H
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2025 Feb 19:S1569-1993(25)00059-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2025.02.008.

February 2025

Title: The relationship between ivacaftor and lung function variability
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2025 Feb 9:S1569-1993(25)00047-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2025.01.014.

January 2025

Title: Tracking the effects of ETI treatment on pancreas in an infant over 1.7 years using stool tests
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2025 Jan 28:S1569-1993(25)00012-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2025.01.012
Title: Male Sexual and Reproductive Health in Cystic Fibrosis: A Concept Mapping Study
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2025 Jan 28:S1569-1993(25)00011-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2025.01.011.

January 2025

Title: Pain in adults with cystic fibrosis – are we painfully unaware?
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2025 Jan 25:S1569-1993(25)00009-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2025.01.009.

January 2025

Title: Changes in eye development in baby rats exposed to ETI when in the womb
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2025 Jan;24(1):21-25. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.11.014. Epub 2024 Dec 5

January 2025

Title: Kaftrio® quickly modifies the composition of breath in children with CF.
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2025 Jan 21:S1569-1993(25)00004-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2025.01.004.

January 2025

Title: Racial Disparities in Lung Transplantation for People with Cystic
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2025 Jan 16:S1569-1993(25)00008-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2025.01.006.

January 2025

Title: Improvements in tummy and bowel symptoms after short and longer term Elexacaftor / Tezacaftor / Ivacaftor therapy (ETI)
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2025 Jan 14:S1569-1993(25)00010-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2025.01.010.

January 2025

Title: Understanding How a Simple Lung Test Can Guide Care for Children with Cystic Fibrosis
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2025 Jan 11:S1569-1993(24)01852-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.12.001.

January 2025

Title: Clinical characteristics of people with CF experiencing food insecurity
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2025 Jan 9:S1569-1993(24)01855-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.12.005

January 2025

Title: Understanding the Connection Between the Lungs and Kidneys in Cystic Fibrosis
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2025 Jan 2:S1569-1993(24)01858-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.12.007.

December 2024

Title: What do people with CF think about their health since starting ETI?
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Nov 21:S1569-1993(24)01811-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.11.003.
 

December 2024

Title: Use of Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor in Pregnant Mothers without CF to Treat Meconium Ileus in Fetuses with Cystic Fibrosis
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Dec 6:S1569-1993(24)01843-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.11.011.

December 2024

Title: Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor can be effective for people with cystic fibrosis with the 3849 gene variant
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Dec 5:S1569-1993(24)01845-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.11.010.

December 2024

Title: Daily changes in the amount of Pseudomonas in CF sputum
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Dec 2:S1569-1993(24)01848-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.11.013.

November 2024

Title: The relation between the physical activity behaviour of youth with Cystic Fibrosis and their parents
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Nov 28:S1569-1993(24)01815-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.11.007.

November 2024

Title: A review of research about Trikafta and mental health: a report from Cystic Fibrosis Foundation’s Prioritizing Research in Mental Health Working Group
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Nov 26:S1569-1993(24)01814-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.11.006.

November 2024

Title: Coping and Learning to Manage Stress (CALM): A telehealth intervention to help reduce depression and anxiety symptoms in adults with CF
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Nov 24:S1569-1993(24)01810-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.11.002.

November 2024

Title: Effect of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor on the use of routine therapies in Danish people with cystic fibrosis
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Nov 23:S1569-1993(24)01813-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.11.004.
Title: People with cystic fibrosis and care teams share how CF care can change to meet patient needs.
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Nov;23(6):1066-1071. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.09.002. Epub 2024 Sep 25.

November 2024

Title: Standards for the care of people with cystic fibrosis (CF): A timely and accurate diagnosis
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2023 Nov;22(6):963-968. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.09.008. Epub 2023 Sep 27.

November 2024

Title: A mouse model containing the W1282X mutation can be used to test cystic fibrosis therapies
References
Margaret Michicich, Zachary Traylor, Caitlan McCoy, Dana M Valerio, Alma Wilson, Molly Schneider, Sakeena Davis, Amanda Barabas, Rachel J Mann, David F LePage, Weihong Jiang, Mitchell L Drumm, Thomas J Kelley, Ronald A Conlon, Craig A Hodges
 

November 2024

Title: How Does Income Level Affect the Health of People with Cystic Fibrosis?
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Nov 7:S1569-1993(24)01803-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.10.010.

November 2024

Title: Aging and CF in the United States
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Nov 4:S1569-1993(24)01802-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.10.009.

October 2024

Title: Understanding rates of and factors associated with elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) prescription
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Oct 28:S1569-1993(24)01801-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.10.006.

October 2024

Title: Presence of bacteriophage is associated with lung function decline in people with cystic fibrosis and a pseudomonas infection
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Oct 25:S1569-1993(24)01786-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.09.018.

October 2024

Title: How a new CF treatment affects the throat bacteria in teenagers
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Oct 14:S1569-1993(24)01794-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.10.001.

October 2024

Title: How have prescriptions for inhaled antibiotics changed in recent years in the U.S.
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Oct 9:S1569-1993(24)01785-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.09.017.

September 2024

Title: Assessing novel modulator therapy in children with cystic fibrosis using xenon gas MRI during multiple-breath washout
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Sep 30:S1569-1993(24)01789-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.09.021.

September 2024

Title: Cardiac Structure and Function in People with Cystic Fibrosis.
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Sep 28:S1569-1993(24)01781-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.09.012.

September 2024

Title: What is the best approach to bring drugs to all people with CF?
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Sep 25:S1569-1993(24)01782-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.09.013.

September 2024

Title: Guidance for Changing the CF Care Team
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Sep 24:S1569-1993(24)01778-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.09.011.

September 2024

Title: A study on how the newest modulator medication elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor affects the gut over time using MRI scans
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Sep;23(5):984-990. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.08.001.
Title: Comparing the money spent on healthcare up to age 2 years in children with CF who are screen detected and those who are diagnosed later due to sickness.
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Sep;23(5):896-902. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.06.015.
Title: Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Novel CF Medication for People Without Common Cystic Fibrosis-causing Genetic Mutations
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Sep;23(5):950-958. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.07.012. Epub 2024 Jul 23.

September 2024

Title: Do clinical outcomes differ between white and non-white Canadians with cystic fibrosis?
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Sep 21:S1569-1993(24)01777-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.09.009.

September 2024

Title: CF Care Model- Guidance for an Evolving Model
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Sep 19:S1569-1993(24)00838-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.08.007.

August 2024

Title: What is the intimate quality of life of women with Cystic Fibrosis?
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Aug 24:S1569-1993(24)00829-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.08.003.
Title: Differences between the United States and the European Union in the time of approval of CFTR modulators for the treatment of cystic fibrosis
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Aug 24:S1569-1993(24)00828-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.08.002.

August 2024

Title: How Race and Ethnicity Affect the Development of Diabetes in People with Cystic Fibrosis
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Aug 3:S1569-1993(24)00803-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.07.018. Online ahead of print.

July 2024

Title: Evaluating the treatment outcomes of the bacteria, Mycobacterium abscessus, in people with cystic fibrosis at the Royal Papworth Hospital, UK.
References

J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Jul 26:S1569-1993(24)00801-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.07.016.

July 2024

Title: The impact of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor on anxiety and depression in adults with Cystic Fibrosis
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Jul 20:S1569-1993(24)00793-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.07.008.

July 2024

Title: Measuring Abnormal Lung Microstructure in People with Cystic Fibrosis Using Xenon Magnetic Resonance Imaging
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Jul 11:S1569-1993(24)00786-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.07.002.
Title: A survey of how the CF team use online learning.
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Jul 11:S1569-1993(24)00787-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.07.003.

June 2024

Title: Evaluating Fertility Preservation Telehealth Counseling for Males with Cystic Fibrosis
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Jun 27:S1569-1993(24)00780-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.06.011.
Title: Could glucose tolerance tests used to detect cystic fibrosis related diabetes be performed at home?
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Jun 27:S1569-1993(24)00777-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.06.009

June 2024

Title: How Personalized Genetic Testing for Medication Metabolism May Reduce Problems with Medications for People with Cystic Fibrosis
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Jun 26:S1569-1993(24)00775-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.06.006.

June 2024

Title: Lung function and imaging outcomes in children with cystic fibrosis diagnosed after newborn screening
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Jun 25:S1569-1993(24)00074-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.05.010.

June 2024

Title: Beyond Insulin: Unraveling the Complex Interplay of Cell Stress and Cell Communication in CFRD
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Jun 18:S1569-1993(24)00082-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.06.004.
Title: Beyond Insulin: Unraveling the Complex Interplay of Cell Stress and Cell Communication in CFRD
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Jun 18:S1569-1993(24)00082-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.06.004.

June 2024

Title: Presentation of two siblings with CF born to a mother with CF taking Trikafta (Kaftrio) throughout both pregnancies. A baby boy has normal vas deferens after birth.
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Jun 13:S1569-1993(24)00080-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.06.003.

June 2024

Title: Development and Initial Use of the Personalized Cystic Fibrosis Medication Questionnaire (PCF-MQ)
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Jun 7:S1569-1993(24)00073-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.05.011.

May 2024

Title: Standards for the care of people with cystic fibrosis (CF); Planning for a longer life
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 May;23(3):375-387. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.05.007.
Title: Improved growth in young children with Cystic Fibrosis
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 May 23:S1569-1993(24)00072-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.05.009.

May 2024

Title: Modulatory therapy discontinuation of children with cystic fibrosis
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 May 18:S1569-1993(24)00069-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.05.006.

May 2024

Title: In-depth examination of the CFTR gene finds more disease-causing genetic changes than conventional clinical genetic testing
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 May 10:S1569-1993(24)00062-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.04.018.

May 2024

Title: Accurate identification of people living with cystic fibrosis (CF) in the Danish National Patient Registry
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 May 9:S1569-1993(24)00066-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.05.003.

May 2024

Title: Oversight of Rare Disease Studies: Experience of the CF Foundation DSMB
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 May 7:S1569-1993(24)00065-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.05.001.

May 2024

Title: The structure of the blood immune system in people with cystic fibrosis and how this affects their lung capacity and the microorganisms colonizing their airways.
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 May 2:S1569-1993(24)00059-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.04.015.

May 2024

Title: Exercise capacity after one year of Kaftrio® treatment in people with Cystic Fibrosis
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 May 1:S1569-1993(24)00055-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.04.010.

April 2024

Title: Do adult patients with cystic fibrosis suffer from sexual dysfunction?
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Apr 29:S1569-1993(24)00056-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.04.011.

April 2024

Title: 11-year evaluation of newborn screening for Cystic Fibrosis in Switzerland
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Apr 23:S1569-1993(24)00053-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.04.008.

March 2024

Title: Standards for the care of people with cystic fibrosis (CF); recognising and addressing CF health issues
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Mar;23(2):187-202. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.01.005.
 

March 2024

Title: Analysis of cell mechanisms influencing Covid-19 disease in cystic fibrosis patients and in the general population
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Mar 19:S1569-1993(24)00036-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.03.006.

March 2024

Title: Correlation between trough concentration and exposure during the day for elexacaftor, tezacaftor and ivacaftor
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Mar 16:S1569-1993(24)00038-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.03.010.

March 2024

Title: Education, employment, and income among people living with cystic fibrosis across three decades
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Mar 14:S1569-1993(24)00039-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.03.009.
Title: Impact of modulator therapy on iron deficiency in cystic fibrosis
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Mar 14:S1569-1993(24)00030-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.03.002.

March 2024

Title: Use of health care before lung transplantation or death in people with cystic fibrosis
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Mar 12:S1569-1993(24)00031-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.03.001

March 2024

Title: What symptoms are most common and most bothersome for people living with cystic fibrosis?
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Mar 8:S1569-1993(24)00033-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.03.005.

March 2024

Title: CFTR modulators in people with CF and the I1234V mutation
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Mar 4:S1569-1993(24)00019-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.02.008.

March 2024

Title: 2023 Year in Review Literature Review
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Mar 1:S1569-1993(24)00022-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.02.007.

February 2024

Title: Remote endpoints for research in cystic fibrosis
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Feb 29:S1569-1993(24)00023-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.02.011.

February 2024

Title: Role of dormant bacteria in people with cystic fibrosis patients
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Feb 28:S1569-1993(24)00026-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.02.013.
Title: Role of dormant bacteria in people with cystic fibrosis patients
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Feb 28:S1569-1993(24)00026-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.02.013.

February 2024

Title: Repurposing enzymes to degrade complex biofilms containing two bacteria and improve antibiotic activity
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Feb 23:S1569-1993(24)00027-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.02.012.
 

February 2024

Title: A review of medications and medical devices used for preventing pregnancy in people with cystic fibrosis
References
NA 21 February 2024

February 2024

Title: Amount of chloride in the sweat of people with CF taking CFTR modulators
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Feb 14:S1569-1993(24)00015-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.02.001.
Title: Use of inhaled antibiotics to treat Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in Europe.
References

J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Feb 14:S1569-1993(23)01683-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.11.012.

February 2024

Title: Effect of stopping inhaled therapies on mucus clearance while on elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Feb 13:S1569-1993(24)00018-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.02.003

February 2024

Title: Nationwide records suggest some people with CF have improved digestion with ivacaftor
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Feb 10:S1569-1993(24)00012-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.01.011

January 2024

Title: Is it safe to use Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor if you have had a kidney or liver transplant?
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Jan 29:S1569-1993(24)00007-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.01.008.

January 2024

Title: Standards for the care of people with cystic fibrosis; establishing and maintaining health
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Jan;23(1):12-28. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.12.002.
Title: Sleep breathing disorders in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF)
References
Cyst Fibros. 2024 Jan;23(1):144-149. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.12.005. Epub 2023 Dec 20.

January 2024

Title: Markers of inflammation in lung fluid can predict lung damage in young children with Cystic Fibrosis (CF)?
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Jan 20:S1569-1993(24)00002-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.01.002.

January 2024

Title: CF adults with private insurance receive equivalent preventive care to the general population
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Jan 13:S1569-1993(23)01698-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.11.013.
 

January 2024

Title: Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor Improves Chronic Rhinosinusitis Detected by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Children with Cystic Fibrosis on Long-Term Therapy with Lumacaftor/Ivacaftor
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Jan 12:S1569-1993(24)00004-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.01.00
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38218661/

January 2024

Title: Nasal lavage as a promising tool to monitor upper airway health
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Jan 9:S1569-1993(23)01735-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.12.011.

January 2024

Title: Complications associated with treatment of haemoptysis in adults with cystic fibrosis
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Jan 5:S1569-1993(23)01736-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.12.012.

November 2023

Title: Use of CFTR modulators in patients having undergone liver transplantation
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2023 Nov 23:S1569-1993(23)01675-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.11.004.

November 2023

Title: Changes in cholesterol levels in people with cystic fibrosis after starting highly effective modulators
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2023 Nov;22(6):1024-1026. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.10.002. Epub 2023 Oct 12

November 2023

Title: Loss of the Sense of Smell in People with Cystic Fibrosis: Community Perceptions and Impact
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2023 Nov 17:S1569-1993(23)01677-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.11.006.

November 2023

Title: Restless Legs Syndrome is a common sleep disorder in people with Cystic Fibrosis
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2023 Nov 14:S1569-1993(23)01665-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.10.016.
 

November 2023

Title: A survey to understand if it is harmful for the baby when a male with CF uses CFTR modulators during assisted reproduction for pregnancy with his partner
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2023 Nov 10:S1569-1993(23)01667-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.10.022.

November 2023

Title: Identifying Infants with Cystic Fibrosis Who Need More Help Growing
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2023 Nov 3:S1569-1993(23)01661-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.10.013.

October 2023

Title: Frequency of urinary and anal incontinence in patient suffering from cystic fibrosis and their impact on quality of life
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2023 Oct 29:S1569-1993(23)01659-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.10.011.

October 2023

Title: Unlocking the Secrets of Cystic Fibrosis: A Genetic Study of people with CF in Germany
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2023 Oct 20:S1569-1993(23)00928-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.10.009.

October 2023

Title: Pulmonary exacerbation treatment location
References
J Cyst Fibros. 2023 Oct 5:S1569-1993(23)00926-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.10.004.